MDS-31
MDS-31 is a synthetic cell-permeable tetrapeptide with the sequence D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂, where Dmt refers to 2′,6′-dimethyltyrosine. This compound was originally developed as a mitochondria-targeted molecule and has become one of the most widely referenced peptides in mitochondrial membrane research.
Mechanism of Interest
The primary area of scientific investigation for MDS-31 centers on its selective interaction with cardiolipin, a phospholipid concentrated on the inner mitochondrial membrane. Cardiolipin plays a structural role in organizing electron transport chain (ETC) complexes and maintaining cristae architecture. Researchers have studied MDS-31 for its ability to associate with cardiolipin-rich membrane domains under controlled in vitro conditions.
Published literature indicates that MDS-31 has been investigated in the context of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c interactions, and the organization of respiratory supercomplexes. These studies focus on understanding how small peptides interact with lipid bilayer components at the subcellular level.
Structural Characteristics
MDS-31 is a tetrapeptide containing alternating aromatic and cationic residues. This motif — a positively charged residue followed by an aromatic residue — is believed to be relevant to its reported membrane-targeting behavior. The inclusion of the non-standard amino acid 2′,6′-dimethyltyrosine distinguishes it from naturally occurring peptide sequences and has been a point of interest in structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies.
The compound carries a net positive charge at physiological pH, which has been studied in relation to its accumulation in mitochondrial compartments driven by the electrochemical gradient across the inner membrane.
Research Applications
MDS-31 appears in peer-reviewed literature across several areas of biochemical and biophysical research, including:
- Mitochondrial bioenergetics and electron transport chain efficiency
- Cardiolipin-protein interaction modeling
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation at Complex I and Complex III
- Membrane potential dynamics in isolated mitochondria preparations
- Age-related changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure
This compound is used exclusively in professional laboratory settings for in vitro and ex vivo experimental models.
Product Details
- Molecular Formula: C₃₂H₄₉N₇O₅
- Molecular Weight: 615.77 g/mol
- Sequence: D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂
- Appearance: White to off-white lyophilized powder
- Storage: Store at -20°C, protected from light and moisture
- Purity: ≥98% (verified by third-party COA)
Third-Party Testing
All MDS-31 lots shipped by Kimera Chems include a third-party Certificate of Analysis (COA) verifying identity and purity via HPLC and mass spectrometry.
Disclaimer: MDS-31 is sold strictly for laboratory research purposes only. This product is not intended for human or animal consumption. It is not a drug, supplement, food, or cosmetic. Any descriptions of research findings reflect published scientific literature and do not constitute claims regarding safety, efficacy, or therapeutic application. Researchers are responsible for ensuring compliance with all applicable local, state, and federal regulations governing the purchase and use of research materials.
| CAS Number | 736992-21-5 |
| IUPAC Name | (2S)-6-Amino-2-[(2S)-2-[[(2R)-2-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-N-[(2S)-1-amino-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]hexanamide |
| Molecular Formula | C32H49N9O5 |
| Molecular Weight | 639.8 |
